Bonneville

sleeper

Former LOD President
So my big vacation this summer was a trip to Bonneville, with a friend of mine who runs MonkeyWrench Racing. He built a 200+ mph Celica, and we went out to run it.

First is his forum write up, second is a quick informal summary he wrote up on another forum before he got around to writing up the full deal with pics and stuff, and it has some more of the technical details. I'm just too lazy to write it up myself. This is copied from a forum with some different rules, and i'm too lazy to edit, so i'm just going to let the profanity filter do it's job here on the second part. My apologies to the mods.

Oh yeah... I know it's a toyota, but the wing is functional and it'll make 750 hp out of 1.5L...

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After running over 202mph in the standing mile last year we're addicted to speed. The next logical step... Speedweek at the Bonneville Salt Flats.

Earlier this year I took a long hard look at the rules and we started construction. Lots and lots of changes to the MWR drag Celica, most of them safety equipment. It now has a full head restraint seat, twin fire systems, roof rails, door net, etc. I now wear a fire suit thicker than anything I'd wear in winter- same suit the top fuel drag racers wear.

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Looking at the records we decided that for the first year while we're sorting out the car and learning how to drive on salt it'd be best not to be going 250mph. A smaller displacement class would be best. I built a very special short stroke 1.5L 2ZZ engine. This thing is incredible. Along with an upgraded prototype turbocharger it makes about the same power as the 1.8L we ran last year. Turbo spools a little slower but it pulls strong to 9500rpm+. It has about 550whp at 26psi and would make about the same 666whp the 1.8L engine made at 33+ psi though we did not have time to make any very high boost runs on the dyno before the event.
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So we headed out to Bonneville (28 hour tow!) and got set up.
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It was an adventure getting through tech.

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The Bonneville guys love to haze newbies especially those not from SoCal but they're good guys. We made it through (with some minor changes) because we made sure to follow the rule book to the letter. The only thing we did not have for this year is the special 300mph tires that many cars run. They cost over $500 each and are tough to come by so we left those for next time. Because of that we were not permitted to make any timed runs over 200mph.

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On course, the salt took some getting used to.

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Launch, wheelspin, shift, wheelspin, shift, wheelspin, shift, wheelspin, shift, wheelspin, shift, grip!! The car went dead straight and behaved beautifully. The parachute which has to this point been for decoration only did a fantastic job of stopping the car from 200+ mph with no drama despite the slippery surface.

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All rookies are required to make a slow pass first and work up to faster passes. The car did great on runs at 150mph and 175mph. After that we were legal to go up to 200.

Next run the car was humming along very strong when all of a sudden silence! What happened?!? At first I thought we lost the engine but after looking things over I found that the rear bumper had actually ripped halfway off at 194mph. It was attached using stock hardware which apparently is not nearly enough. When it came loose it disconnected our shutoff switch which shut the car down. No harm done.

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Next run with the bumper securely bolted on the car was amazing. It accelerated hard to 195mph then I dialed the boost back to only 16 psi and drove for a couple of miles at a steady 200mph. The car ran cool and smooth. We qualified for a land speed record in our class, beating the previous record by about 40mph!

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This is the team. A couple of young guys and a couple of old veterans who are good friends of the shop and who were invaluable in figuring out the procedures and requirements. We couldn't have done it without them.

200mph video: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jTHuLb-rbN8

Already we were very pleased with how things were going. Some people show up and don't get to run at all because of the insane amount of safety equipment and little technical details. Some people show up with a car that won't run strong or straight or safe. Our car was out there making run after run without drama.

Our next run was unfortunately our last. The engine took off ok and the car was running great but partway through the run the engine started making a bit of noise. I shut it down as a precaution. This car has a very unique engine mount setup and because of that we were unable to run a Moroso pan. Clearance issues to frame, belly pan, etc. The long hard deceleration with the parachute deployed is like nothing I've ever experienced in a race car and is evidently more than the stock oil pan can handle. I believe we starved the engine briefly of oil while slowing from 200mph on the previous run. Bummer.

Overall a great trip. The car is solid and smooth and drives great. The tiny engine made great power and held together just fine at full throttle despite spending miles at a time well over 9000rpm. We didn't get any official times over 200mph but I'll just say the car proved itself very comfortable up in that range. Running the numbers it appears that the car is capable of around 235mph at high boost.

I've now purchased a set of 300mph tires and am working on getting even more power out of that tiny engine. Not sure if we'll make it back to Bonneville this year but we're also considering Maxton which is a 1-mile drag race in North Carolina. The car would do great at either event. We're psyched.
 
2nd part:

Ok ok.

Earlier this year we started prepping the car to suit the SCTA's rules. It was already prepped for NHRA but the SCTA is much more demanding. Highlights include:

Safety:
- dual 6.5 lb fire system
- front and rear windshield tabs
- roof rails
- top fuel nitro SFI 20 race suit, gloves, boots
- race seat with full head restraint
- full door net and arm restraints
- trans blanket (scattershield)
- parachute

To fit the class:
- belly pan
- front air dam with no opening
- 1.5L engine
- flat rear spoiler
- stock fenders, doors, quarters, roof, rear bumper

I was scrambling the last few weeks to finish the car and I must say my mechanics and I did a pretty good job of pulling the car together. Loaded the car up and started the 28-hour tow to Utah. Boring.

We got there early on Friday and started setting up. The car needed a little set up work then we headed to tech. I figured we should get it over with as soon as possible since there would probably be more work needed to get approved. The tech guys hate non-Californians and newbies. I was both.

In tech new cars need two tech inspectors to sign off. Before I knew it we had 5-6 inspectors all swarming the car. ****ers. One of them runs an RSX and could tell looking at the car how fast it could potentially go. They were on red alert. They made some **** up that was not in the rule book but did not hold us to most of it, just noted it as "recommendations" in the car's log book. I also had to demonstrate that I could escape from the car quickly while fully suited up. This is much more difficult then I thought because of the 5-layer suit, gloves, boots, helmet, and huge head restraint seat. I managed to pull my fat ass out of the car fairly quickly with some effort. They sent us away needing:

- window tint (film so a shattered window doesn't litter the race course)
- sealing of holes in fire wall (we covered them with an aluminum plate and some aluminum tape)
- Adjust harness

Went back through tech the next day and we had to deal with just one older tech guy. The hardasses from the previous day made the mistake of signing the book so they did not have to reinspect the car for us to get through. Nice. The new guy decided we needed 1" SFI foam on the seat back behind the helmet area so we added that and he signed off. Done.

Unfortunately this was all done with the understanding that we would not exceed 200mph. They did not care for my Mickey Thompson drag radials one bit, saying that because they were DOT and had no speed rating that they were not legal for any speed at all. The only other wheels and tires I had with me were the stock alloys (one bent) and worn out W-rated Kumhos that came with my blue Celica. Close enough. In retrospect they were right but for the wrong reasons. The Mickeys were a 235 width tire which is narrow on the street or track but very wide for salt. Even the 205's I ran were too wide. Everyone who runs fast runs 4.5" wide frontrunner style tires though for safety it's best to get the special bonneville version which is 4-6 ply instead of 2. On the Mickeys I may have had some real stability issues. Wheels- I believe strongly in OEM alloys but steel skinnies are the way to go since they're narrow enough for the frontrunners. I'll show up with proper rubber and steel next time.

Through tech, we head out to make a run. There are 3 courses; long, short and special. Special is just another short course that they run when the salt's condition allows. All rookies are required to run the special course first. On the first run you're not allowed to exceed 150mph. This is to get a run under your belt at reasonable speed. A safety check for driver and car. You get three speeds on the short and special courses. Average between mile 1-2, average between mile 2-3, and a short trap at the 2 1/4 mile mark. That last one counts for almost nothing- if you exceed 175mph at that point you qualify to run the long course, that's all. Seems to be an artifact of the way things used to be run.

First run went fine, I averaged 148 or so I think. Didn't even require any boost. Get the slip signed by the starter, take it to tech, and you get your D license.

Next run is 150-175. I made the run, no drama. Car is bahaving fine though it hates running 175mph because at part throttle the turbo surges badly. Signed slip to tech and I have a C license.

Now I'm legal up to 200mph where I am limited by my tires anyway. Next run I take off and the car is running great. I have the boost turned down all the way still and realize around 185mph that it is not enough. Fortunately, on the advice of an experienced LSR friend, I have mounted a boost control knob to the steering column. I crank it up a bit and as I'm flying past the 2nd mile marker at 194mph everything goes sickeningly silent. Nothing. I clutch in, engine drops to zero rpm. No smoke, no smell, no nothing. Not so much as an illuminated gauge. I don't want to be the rookie with the burning car so I pull off to the right which indicates I may have an emergency. I stop the car and get out as the emergency crew arrives and we quickly determine that the rear bumper ripped halfway off (only saved by the parachute mount) taking the emergency cutoff switch with it. Guess the switch works. Towed back to the pits, Sleeper and I get down to the business of repairing and reattaching the rear bumper cover. A few bolts later it's good to go.

Next run I leave the boost cranked up. Car is a rocket. Traction is better than expected in 5th gear then just fine in 6th. As the car passes 195mph I leave the pedal on the floor and quickly dial out boost. As it hits 199mph I crank it down to 16psi and like magic it stabilizes. 199mph ALL DAY LONG. EGTs are reasonable, air/fuel (on gasoline scale) is 11.0:1, rpm holding steady at about 9150. The car went almost two miles at that speed happy as can be. Sure wish I had taller tires or longer gears since there's no need to spin the engine so high to make ~420whp. Nearing the 3rd mile marker the car starts wandering. First a little, then a lot. I've been told not to fight the car on the salt- give it a little encouragement to stay straight then give up and pull the chute. I chased it back and forth a could times then pulled the chute just short of the 3-mile mark. 189mph 1-2, 185mph 2-3 and 199mph at the 2 1/4. When you pull the chute you're supposed to be at WOT, then ease off to avoid unsettling the car. I thought I felt the engine go weaker when the chute deployed then it stalled when I clutched in. Hmm. It restarted fine for the drive to the return road.

Pretty good. The record we were after was 148mph so we easily qualified to make a record run. We took the car to impound where you are allowed to do anything short of an engine swap to prepere for your back-up run the next morning which establishes a record. The record is the average of your record run speed and your qualifying run speeds. We raised the rear end to improve downforce and checked the car out. No other work needed.

The next morning we had to be there at 6am but enjoyed one hell of a sunrise. The car cranked slow and didn't want to start. Finally started and seemed ok. I took off on the record run giving her hell. 1-2-3-4-5th gear worked fine. Hit 6th well before the mile and the engine went very weak. I clutched in and it stalled immediately. I restarted briefly, saw low oil pressure, and shut it off. The car was done. No record.

Looking back, I believe the engine starved of oil during parachute deceleration and that destroyed the rod bearings. The engine is installed at an odd angle and I did not change the oil pan to compensate. I also believe that raising the car an inch so we could run the POS Kumho tires whacked out my alignment and probably caused the car to wander. Still need to check that.

Bonneville is something you just need to go do once before you really understand what you're doing. The tires seem like a no-brainer now. The safety stuff makes more sense now after seeing someone die on course. The procedures and traditions all make at least some sense now. I am very thankful for the driving pointers given to me by my more experienced friends. Now I know to coat the floors of the tow vehicle with plastic sheet and to bring a large tarp to put under the race car in the pits and in impound. Lots of details.

Big thanks goes out to Sleeper. He rode there and back sharing time driving the truck. He helped with setup in the pits. He towed the race car around the pits (no race cars are allowed to move under their own power except on course.) He helped suit me up and strap me in to the car. What a guy.
 
This is one place you must go before you die if you're a car guy. I was lucky enough to go with a buddy who was running something, but even if you just go to watch, it's surreal. Just totally different from any other event.

I saw some awesome stuff out there. Some crazy stuff racing, and equally as much crazy stuff not racing. I brought back over 1.5 gb of pics. Rat rods and hot rods driving around, but i didn't see any poser fake rat rod crap. The salt is almost like snow. People are out there in awesome old cars and they're just covered in salt as if you just threw it on there. Just crazy.
 
That sounds incredible! So weird to see the salt buildup on the cars. I want to go! What's the altitude there and does that require adjustments to the car?
 
Altitude there is about 4000' I think. It probably requires some adjustment to NA cars but Matt's car has a big-ass turbo so it wasn't an issue.

The guy on the right in the last picture runs a gullwing out there, but he blew up the motor on the dyno before the event this year. He built one of his gullwings (had 4 at one point, now i think it's just one) for land speed racing, but kept everything set up so that he could return it to stock. The "numbers matching" engine was set aside and he built another one, etc.
 
Very very cool. I am impressed that the aerodynamics of that celica allow 200mph without lift... i mean granted you have a giant spoiler and the taped of bumper but still...

You didn't have a dry sump system installed?
 
No dry sump, yet. It's in the plan for next year. Matt's going to develop a system for his car and then offer it for sale. He also plans to find a way to adapt a stronger transmission out of a larger toyota vehicle. The problem with that trans is that he can't launch it hard, can't shift it hard, and even then the engine makes enough torque to strip the teeth right off the gears at full boost. Celica transmissions weren't made to handle 750+ crank HP! Of course once he adapts a larger trans he can build whatever parts are needed and offer a kit for sale. Wouldn't it be nice if you could actually make money off all of your car mods?

He initially built this car for drag racing. The car has gone low 10's I believe, but with the trans issues ironed out it would probably do 9's. Before he got around to that, though, import drag racing at that level went pretty much belly-up. He ended up getting in with some land-speed guys that came to his shop because he has a low-inertia dyno - which they need with the really tall gears they have to run in the really fast cars. So he took it to a runway event last year and ran 200+ on pavement set up as a drag car, and got bit by the high speed bug. His plan now is to get the dry sump and trans straight and run a couple of events in Maxton (NC I believe) where they do a standing mile. Maybe he'll go back to Bonneville, maybe not. I'm thinking probably, since he did already buy the tires he needs to run 200+ out there.

Lift was definitely a concern when he started thinking about high speeds. The car has that front air dam, a belly pan that varies in size based on class (by adding or removing one piece he can fit 2 different classes) and the big wing. At speed on the runway the suction under the car tore one of the mounting bolts from the pan, so he knew it was working. With the pan (fixed obviously) and wing, there was a roostertail of salt behind the car at Bonneville. He said it was more or less rock solid, but if you watch the video above you can see it start to wander near the end right before he pulled the chute (and wiggle a bit when he pulled it). He bailed before the end of that run due to a steadily increasing "wander". Thinks it might be the way the diff works (torsen I think). A spool or a welded diff would be better for this, but that would send him into the wall if a half shaft broke at the strip (or maxton), so I dunno what he'll do with that.
 
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